When Choutes Project is installed on Btrfs (the default), Snapper keeps snapshots of the system: the state of every system file at one moment. A snapshot takes almost no space at first, because Btrfs stores only what changes afterwards.
Apabila Choutes Project dipasang pada Btrfs (lalai), Snapper menyimpan snapshot sistem: keadaan setiap fail sistem pada satu saat. Snapshot hampir tidak mengambil ruang pada mulanya, kerana Btrfs hanya menyimpan apa yang berubah selepas itu.
When snapshots are madeBila snapshot dibuat
- Before and after every change of packages (snap-pac): every update, installation, and removal, also in Software and Drivers. The description names the command.Sebelum dan selepas setiap perubahan pakej (snap-pac): setiap kemas kini, pemasangan dan pembuangan, termasuk dalam Software dan Drivers. Keterangannya menamakan arahan itu.
- Every hour (timeline). Older ones are thinned out and removed automatically, so they do not fill the disk.Setiap jam (garis masa). Yang lama dikurangkan dan dibuang secara automatik, supaya tidak memenuhkan cakera.
Good to knowPerlu tahu
Snapshots cover the system (/), not your home folder (@home), the package cache, or the logs. Restoring a snapshot never changes your personal files. Snapshots are not a backup: keep copies of important files on another drive.
Snapshot meliputi sistem (/), bukan folder rumah anda (@home), cache pakej atau log. Memulihkan snapshot tidak pernah mengubah fail peribadi anda. Snapshot bukan sandaran: simpan salinan fail penting pada pemacu lain.
Restore a snapshotPulihkan snapshot
- Open Btrfs AssistantBuka Btrfs Assistant
Find it in the application menu and give your password.
Cari dalam menu aplikasi dan berikan kata laluan anda.
- Choose the snapshotPilih snapshot
In the Snapper part, choose Browse/Restore, then the snapshot from just before the update that caused the problem: a pre snapshot whose description names the update, or a timeline snapshot from before it.
Dalam bahagian Snapper, pilih Browse/Restore, kemudian snapshot sejurus sebelum kemas kini yang menyebabkan masalah: snapshot pre yang keterangannya menamakan kemas kini itu, atau snapshot garis masa sebelumnya.
- Restore and restartPulihkan dan mulakan semula
Choose Restore, confirm, then restart the computer. The system is as it was at that moment.
Pilih Restore, sahkan, kemudian mulakan semula komputer. Sistem kembali seperti pada saat itu.
TipPetua
After restoring, tell us on the Discord server which update caused the problem, so that it can be fixed for everyone. The same update is offered again by Software until a fix arrives.
Selepas memulihkan, beritahu kami di pelayan Discord kemas kini mana yang menyebabkan masalah, supaya ia dapat dibaiki untuk semua orang. Kemas kini yang sama akan ditawarkan semula oleh Software sehingga pembaikan tiba.
Snapper in the terminalSnapper dalam terminal
sudo snapper -c root list # all snapshots
sudo snapper -c root create -d "before my change" # a snapshot of your ownDisk spaceRuang cakera
Old snapshots keep the files that were changed since, so they can grow after many updates. Btrfs Assistant shows the space of each, and you can delete snapshots there. Snapper removes old ones by itself.
Snapshot lama menyimpan fail yang telah berubah sejak itu, jadi ia boleh membesar selepas banyak kemas kini. Btrfs Assistant menunjukkan ruang setiap satu, dan anda boleh memadam snapshot di situ. Snapper membuang yang lama dengan sendirinya.
ext4 and XFS have no snapshots: there, keep backups of important files.
ext4 dan XFS tidak mempunyai snapshot: di situ, simpan sandaran fail penting.